Fleet toll & ETS2 impact calculator
What will road charges and carbon pricing cost your fleet per year, and how much do you need to raise your rates to pass that on? Enter your vehicle groups once and compare 2025 with every year up to the start of ETS2.
Your fleet
The figures below are an example. Replace them with your own vehicle groups: vehicles with the same weight, axles and Euro class share one group.
Scenario
Your revenue
Road charges and ETS2 in 2028
Year by year
Year-over-year breakdown
Your fleet's yearly charges per country and ETS2, each year priced with the rates that apply on each day of that year.
| Cost item | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands · Vrachtwagenheffing | – | €25,885 | €61,800¹ | €61,800¹² |
| Germany · Lkw-Maut | €121,800 | €121,800 | €121,800 | €121,800² |
| Belgium · Kilometre charge | €30,772³ | €30,772³ | €30,772² | €30,772² |
| United Kingdom · HGV levy | €2,087³ | €2,087³ | €2,087² | €2,087² |
| ETS2 carbon cost on fuel | – | – | – | €40,020 |
| Total | €154,659 | €180,544 | €216,459 | €256,478 |
| Per km | €0.141 | €0.164 | €0.197 | €0.233 |
How the calculation works
Tolls: kilometres per vehicle × the official rate per km for its weight, axles and Euro or CO₂ class, the same rates as our route calculators. Rates that change during a year are weighted by days. The UK levy is time-based: passes per trip, capped at the yearly pass.
ETS2: from the start year, fuel suppliers buy an allowance for every tonne of CO₂ in the fuel they sell and pass the cost on in the pump price. Litres = kilometres in the EU × consumption; CO₂ = litres × kg CO₂ per litre; cost = tonnes × the carbon price.
Rate increase: the extra cost between the two years you compare, divided by your revenue. The per-km surcharge spreads the same amount over your EU kilometres.
France is not included: French motorway tolls are set per concession and section, and there is no official average per km. Use the route calculator for French lanes.
Fleet toll and ETS2: frequently asked questions
What does this calculator tell me?
The yearly cost of road charges in the Netherlands, Germany, Belgium and the UK for your whole fleet, plus the carbon cost ETS2 will add to your fuel, for every year from 2025 to the ETS2 start. It then turns the extra cost into the percentage you need to add to your rates, and into a surcharge per kilometre.
When does ETS2 start for road transport?
On 1 January 2028. ETS2 was set to start in 2027, but the amended European Climate Law of 2026 postponed it by one year. Allowances are auctioned from 2027. In October 2026 several member states asked for a further delay and EU leaders asked the Commission to update its ETS2 impact assessment, so the calculator lets you choose the start year.
What will an ETS2 allowance cost?
Nobody knows yet. The EU built in a price-stability mechanism: when the price rises above €45 per tonne of CO₂ (in 2020 prices), extra allowances are released from a reserve. That dampens the price but does not cap it. The calculator uses €45 as a starting scenario; try higher prices to see your risk.
How much will ETS2 add to a litre of diesel?
About 11 cents per litre at €45 per tonne. B7 pump diesel emits 2.48 kg of fossil CO₂ per litre at the tailpipe (GLEC v3.2), and 2.48 kg × €45 per tonne is €0.11. Fuel suppliers pay for the allowances and pass the cost on, so you see it in the fuel price, not as a separate bill.
Why does 2026 cost less than 2027 in the Netherlands?
The Dutch vrachtwagenheffing started on 1 July 2026, so 2026 only has half a year of charges. On top of that, the rates from 1 September to 31 December 2026 are 22.3 % lower. 2027 is the first full year, at rates indexed for inflation.
How do I pass toll and carbon costs on to my customers?
Add a surcharge to your rates equal to the extra cost divided by your revenue, or charge the per-km amount on top of your kilometre rate. Many carriers use a separate toll and ETS2 line in their rate sheet, adjusted once a year, just like a fuel surcharge clause.
How much do zero-emission trucks save?
A lot on road charges: Germany exempts zero-emission trucks until 30 June 2031, the UK exempts them from the HGV levy, and the Netherlands and Flanders charge CO₂ class 5 a fraction of the Euro VI rate. Electric trucks pay no ETS2 on electricity either. Set a vehicle group to zero-emission to compare. Compare a zero-emission truck's total cost →
Why is France not included?
French motorway tolls are not one national tariff: each concession sets its own price per section, and there is no official average per kilometre. Calculate your French lanes with the route calculator and add the result to your own figures. French Truck Toll Calculator →